Утилитаризм — это этическая теория, оценивающая действия по их последствиям для общего благополучия или счастья. В AI ethics он часто используется, когда системы должны балансировать benefits и harms для затронутых людей или групп.
is a moral principle that holds that the right course of action in any situation is the one that produces the greatest balance of benefits over harms for everyone affected. According to this principle, an action is right if it promotes happiness or pleasure, and it is wrong if it produces unhappiness or pain—not just for the performer of the action but also for everyone else affected by it. Utilitarianism stems from the late 18th- and 19th-century English philosophers and economists Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.