Service account — non-human identity, used by applications, virtual machines or services to make authorized API calls. Она поддерживает secure programmatic access to cloud resources without relying on individual user credentials.
Service accounts are special Google Cloud accounts used by applications or virtual machines to make authorized API calls to Google Cloud services. Unlike user accounts, they are not tied to an individual human but act as an identity for your code, enabling secure and programmatic access to resources without requiring human credentials. For more information, see Service accounts overview.