Позиционное кодирование добавляет информацию о порядке или позиции токенов к представлениям токенов в последовательности. Transformer-модели используют его, поскольку механизмы attention сами по себе не кодируют порядок последовательности.
A technique to add information about the position of a token in a sequence to the token's embedding. Transformer models use positional encoding to better understand the relationship between different parts of the sequence. A common implementation of positional encoding uses a sinusoidal function. (Specifically, the frequency and amplitude of the sinusoidal function are determined by the position of the token in the sequence.) This technique enables a Transformer model to learn to attend to different parts of the sequence based on their position.